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F O R T C H I P E W Y A N " T O F O R T M ' M U R R A Y 113
Besides Mackenzie's, another name, renowned i n the tragic
annals of science, is inseparably connected with this region,
viz., that of F r a n k l i n , who has already been incidentally
referred to. Others recur to one, but these two great
names are engrained, so to speak, i n the North, and cannot
he l i g h t l y passed over i n any descriptive work. The two
explorers were friends, or, at any rate, acquaintances; and,
before leaving England, F r a n k l i n had a long conversation
i n London with Mackenzie, who died shortly afterwards.
The record of his " Journey to the Shores of the Polar
Ocean," accompanied by Doctor Richardson and Midshipmen
Back and Hood, i n the years 1819- 20- 21 and ' 22, pract
i c a l ly began at Y o r k Factory i n August of the former year.
The rival companies were s t i l l at war, and i n making the
portage at the Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan, with a
party of Hudson's B a y Company traders, " they advanced,"
he says, " armed, and with great caution." When he
returned on the 14th J u l y , 1822, to Y o r k , the warring companies
had united, and he and his friends were met there
by Governor Simpson, M r . McTavish, and all the united
The Asslniboines are an offshoot of the great Sioux, or Dakota, race
called by their congeners the Hohas, or " Rebels." They separated
from their nation at a remote period owing to a quarrel, so the tradition
runs, between children, and which was taken up by their parents.
Migrating northward the Eascabs, as the Assiniboines called themselves,
were gladly received and welcomed as allies by the Crees,
with whom, as Dr. Richardson says, " they attacked and drove to
the westward the former inhabitants of the banks of the Saskatchewan."
" The nations," he continues, " driven westward by the
Eascabs and Crees are termed by the latter Yatchee- thinyoowuc,
translated Slave Indians, but properly ' Strangers.'" This word
Yatchee is, of course, the Iyaghchi of the Crees in their name for
Lesser Slave River and Lake. Richardson describes them as inhabiting
the country round Fort Augustus and the foot of the Rockies,
and " so numerous now as to be a terror to the Assiniboines themselves."
They are divided, he says, into five nations, of whom the
Fall Indians, so called from their former residence at Cole's Falls,
near the Forks of the Saskatchewan, were the most numerous, consisting
of 500 tents, the Piegans of 400, the Blaekfeet of 350. the
Bloods of 300, and the Sarcees of 150, the latter tribe being a branch
of the Chipewyans which, having migrated like their congeners, the
Apaches, from the north, joined the Crees as allies, just as the
Assiniboines did from the south.
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| Title | Page 129 |
| OCR | F O R T C H I P E W Y A N " T O F O R T M ' M U R R A Y 113 Besides Mackenzie's, another name, renowned i n the tragic annals of science, is inseparably connected with this region, viz., that of F r a n k l i n , who has already been incidentally referred to. Others recur to one, but these two great names are engrained, so to speak, i n the North, and cannot he l i g h t l y passed over i n any descriptive work. The two explorers were friends, or, at any rate, acquaintances; and, before leaving England, F r a n k l i n had a long conversation i n London with Mackenzie, who died shortly afterwards. The record of his " Journey to the Shores of the Polar Ocean," accompanied by Doctor Richardson and Midshipmen Back and Hood, i n the years 1819- 20- 21 and ' 22, pract i c a l ly began at Y o r k Factory i n August of the former year. The rival companies were s t i l l at war, and i n making the portage at the Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan, with a party of Hudson's B a y Company traders, " they advanced," he says, " armed, and with great caution." When he returned on the 14th J u l y , 1822, to Y o r k , the warring companies had united, and he and his friends were met there by Governor Simpson, M r . McTavish, and all the united The Asslniboines are an offshoot of the great Sioux, or Dakota, race called by their congeners the Hohas, or " Rebels." They separated from their nation at a remote period owing to a quarrel, so the tradition runs, between children, and which was taken up by their parents. Migrating northward the Eascabs, as the Assiniboines called themselves, were gladly received and welcomed as allies by the Crees, with whom, as Dr. Richardson says, " they attacked and drove to the westward the former inhabitants of the banks of the Saskatchewan." " The nations," he continues, " driven westward by the Eascabs and Crees are termed by the latter Yatchee- thinyoowuc, translated Slave Indians, but properly ' Strangers.'" This word Yatchee is, of course, the Iyaghchi of the Crees in their name for Lesser Slave River and Lake. Richardson describes them as inhabiting the country round Fort Augustus and the foot of the Rockies, and " so numerous now as to be a terror to the Assiniboines themselves." They are divided, he says, into five nations, of whom the Fall Indians, so called from their former residence at Cole's Falls, near the Forks of the Saskatchewan, were the most numerous, consisting of 500 tents, the Piegans of 400, the Blaekfeet of 350. the Bloods of 300, and the Sarcees of 150, the latter tribe being a branch of the Chipewyans which, having migrated like their congeners, the Apaches, from the north, joined the Crees as allies, just as the Assiniboines did from the south. 8 |
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