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486- A P P E N D IX
branch, below which it becomes more conspicuous, forming the
whole banks of the stream, with the exception of a few feet of
limestone at the base, for a distance of many miles. These
banks are sometimes about one hundred and fifty feet i n height,
and- frequently maintain an elevation of about one hundred
feet for considerable distances. Except where they have been
long exposed to the weather, they generally look as black as
coal. A thick tar is often seen draining out of the deposit, and
i n numerous places on the ground at the foot of either bank,
or on terraces lower than their summits, this tar collects in
pools or flows i n sluggish streams to lower levels among the
peaty materials i n the woods. The surface of these accumulations
of tar is usually covered with a hardened pitchy crust.
The boatmen on the river break through this crust i n order to
collect the underlying tar, which they boil down and use for
pitching their craft. Some parts of the banks are rendered
plastic en masse from being over- saturated with the asphalt,
and i n warm weather they slide gradually down into the bed
of the river, incorporating the boulders and pebbles i n their
course."
B I T U M I N O U S SAND- ROCK.
E r om the Athabasca River, about six miles below its confluence
with the Clearwater; collected by Dr. R. B e l l . This
specimen was compact and homogeneous i n appearance, of a
d u l l , dark, brownish- black colour. Specific gravity at 60° P.
2.040. At the temperature of 50° F . it is quite firm, barely,
i f at all, yielding to pressure, and does not soil the hand; at
70° E . i t gives somewhat to the touch, and i t is slightly sticky;
at 100° E . i t becomes quite soft, and eminently soils the fingers.
I t is scarcely acted on by alcohol i n the cold, and but very
slightly at a boiling temperature; but ether, oil of turpentine,
kerosene, benzine ( petroleum s p i r i t ) , benzol ( coal- tar naphtha)
and bi- sulphide of carbon, more especially the last two named,
readily dissolve the bituminous matter, with formation of dark
brown coloured solutions, and leaving a pure, or almost pure,
siliceous residue i n the form of sand, of which apparently the
bitumen had constituted the sole binding medium.
The composition of this specimen of the rock was found to
be as follows:
Bitumen 12.42
" Water, mechanically included 5.85
Siliceous sand 81.73
100.
Object Description
Description
| Title | Page 510 |
| OCR | 486- A P P E N D IX branch, below which it becomes more conspicuous, forming the whole banks of the stream, with the exception of a few feet of limestone at the base, for a distance of many miles. These banks are sometimes about one hundred and fifty feet i n height, and- frequently maintain an elevation of about one hundred feet for considerable distances. Except where they have been long exposed to the weather, they generally look as black as coal. A thick tar is often seen draining out of the deposit, and i n numerous places on the ground at the foot of either bank, or on terraces lower than their summits, this tar collects in pools or flows i n sluggish streams to lower levels among the peaty materials i n the woods. The surface of these accumulations of tar is usually covered with a hardened pitchy crust. The boatmen on the river break through this crust i n order to collect the underlying tar, which they boil down and use for pitching their craft. Some parts of the banks are rendered plastic en masse from being over- saturated with the asphalt, and i n warm weather they slide gradually down into the bed of the river, incorporating the boulders and pebbles i n their course." B I T U M I N O U S SAND- ROCK. E r om the Athabasca River, about six miles below its confluence with the Clearwater; collected by Dr. R. B e l l . This specimen was compact and homogeneous i n appearance, of a d u l l , dark, brownish- black colour. Specific gravity at 60° P. 2.040. At the temperature of 50° F . it is quite firm, barely, i f at all, yielding to pressure, and does not soil the hand; at 70° E . i t gives somewhat to the touch, and i t is slightly sticky; at 100° E . i t becomes quite soft, and eminently soils the fingers. I t is scarcely acted on by alcohol i n the cold, and but very slightly at a boiling temperature; but ether, oil of turpentine, kerosene, benzine ( petroleum s p i r i t ) , benzol ( coal- tar naphtha) and bi- sulphide of carbon, more especially the last two named, readily dissolve the bituminous matter, with formation of dark brown coloured solutions, and leaving a pure, or almost pure, siliceous residue i n the form of sand, of which apparently the bitumen had constituted the sole binding medium. The composition of this specimen of the rock was found to be as follows: Bitumen 12.42 " Water, mechanically included 5.85 Siliceous sand 81.73 100. |
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